INTRODUCTION
The advancement of wireless communication technology has led to the widespread use of remote radio units in various applications. These units, also known as RRUs, are integrated frequency units that connect to an operator's network through user mobility devices. By utilizing RRUs, mobile network operators can improve coverage, reduce latency, and enhance signal quality. This ultimately increases network efficiency and reduces costs associated with capital expenditures and operating expenses. Tri-Band Remote Radios, as their name suggests, operate on three different frequency bands simultaneously. These radios play a crucial role in modern wireless communication networks by transmitting and receiving signals between the base station and user devices. The ability of triband remote radio units to handle multiple frequency bands simultaneously has gained significant attention. Furthermore, the implementation of Massive MIMO technology enables the simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple data streams, allowing a large number of users to enjoy fast and reliable connections simultaneously.In this project, we performed FEM analysis to check strength of the triband antenna model for the given load conditions. FEM analysis is carried out as per the load conditions provided by the customer. We carried out Modal Analysis, Sine sweep Analysis (Harmonic Analysis), Random Vibration Analysis, Shock Analysis, Seismic Analysis, and Wind load Analysis.
PROJECT OVERVIEW
Our esteemed Client is a subsidiary of the renowned TATA group, which happens to be Indias largest conglomerate. They are currently engaged in the development of a cutting-edge Triband 5G Remote Radio Unit (RU) that complies with the ORAN 7.2x standards. Recognizing our expertise in the field, the Client has entrusted us with the responsibility of conducting Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for an assembly comprising the Remote Radio Unit, mounting pole, and antenna. The primary objective of this analysis is to thoroughly examine the dynamic behavior of the Triband Remote Radio Unit and ensure its optimal performance and reliability, in strict accordance with the industry standards outlined in ETSI EN 300 019-2-4 V2.4.1. We are honored to have been chosen for this significant project and are committed to delivering exceptional results.
ETSI EN 300 019-2-4 V2.4.1 STANDARDS
In the telecommunications industry, ETSI EN 300 019-2-4 V2.4.1 is an important standard for evaluating the environmental conditions to which telecom equipment may be exposed during stationary use at non-weather protected locations. It defines the relevant environmental conditions and severities that equipment must be designed to withstand, helping engineers assess its reliability, durability, and operational performance under real-world conditions. By understanding and applying this standard, engineers can identify potential environmental risks, establish appropriate design and qualification requirements, and evaluate equipment resilience against factors such as temperature variations, humidity, vibration, and other applicable environmental stresses. This systematic approach helps ensure the structural integrity and long-term reliability of telecommunications equipment, supporting consistent performance throughout its intended service life.
FEA MESH AND MODEL SETUP
The finite element analysis (FEA) model of the Triband Antenna enclosure assembly consists of approximately 3.8 million nodes and 2.1 million elements, providing a detailed representation of the assembly's geometry and structural behaviour. Higher-order tetrahedral and hexahedral elements have been utilized to capture complex geometrical features and improve the accuracy of stress and deformation predictions. Appropriate contact definitions have been established between the individual components to represent their interactions and ensure realistic load transfer throughout the assembly. Additionally, the relevant material properties have been assigned to the respective components, and the necessary boundary conditions have been applied to accurately represent the intended mounting constraints and loading scenarios. This comprehensive model setup provides a reliable foundation for evaluating the structural integrity and mechanical performance of the Triband Antenna enclosure assembly under the specified operating conditions.
MODAL ANALYSIS
Modal analysis is a structural analysis technique used to determine the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of a structure. Natural frequencies represent the frequencies at which a structure tends to vibrate when disturbed, while mode shapes describe the deformation patterns associated with each frequency. This analysis helps engineers understand the dynamic characteristics of a structure and identify potential resonance conditions. Resonance occurs when the frequency of an external excitation coincides with or approaches one of the structure's natural frequencies, potentially resulting in significantly amplified vibrations, excessive deformation, fatigue, or structural damage. Therefore, modal analysis is primarily performed to identify and avoid such conditions by ensuring that the natural frequencies are sufficiently separated from the expected operating and environmental excitation frequencies. This is particularly important for telecommunications equipment, such as Triband Antenna assemblies, which may be subjected to wind loads, operational vibrations, and transportation-induced dynamic loads. The results help engineers optimize the structural design and improve the equipment's reliability, durability, and overall performance.
FEM ANALYSIS CASES CONSIDERED
Sine Sweep Analysis in X, Y and Z directions Random Vibration Analysis for Test Severity Shock Analysis for Characteristic Severity & Test Severity Seismic Analysis for Zone 4 as shown in the curve Wind Load Analysis for different mounting condition
FEM ANALYSIS RESULTS
A comprehensive technical report is submitted to the client, documenting the results of the structural and dynamic analyses performed on the Triband Antenna assembly. The report includes detailed stress contour plots to identify critical stress concentrations, deformation plots to evaluate the structural response under the applied loading conditions, and factor of safety calculations to assess the assembly's structural integrity against the specified design criteria. Additionally, the frequency–acceleration response graph is provided to illustrate the dynamic behaviour of the structure across the relevant frequency range and identify potential resonance conditions. These results enable the client to evaluate the structural performance, verify compliance with the applicable requirements, and make informed decisions regarding design adequacy and reliability.
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